The toolkit is a supplement to the UNFPA programming guidelines. It provides guidance and options for UNFPA Country Office staff to improve monitoring and evaluation activities in the context of results-based programme management. It is also useful for other programme managers at headquarters and national levels. Many of the approaches described in this toolkit can be used as well for programme1 strategy development. This tool provides a glossary of terms related to monitoring and evaluation in the context of results-based management. The glossary attempts to define monitoring and evaluation concepts, responding to a growing awareness of the need for common usage of terms and understanding of their nature and meaning within UNFPA and with partners. It is recognized that monitoring and evaluation terminology has been adapted to varying organizational needs and that uniform definitions of terms do not exist. The glossary, therefore, intends to provide representative definitions of terms that have achieved some degree of consensus, especially within the UN system. The main purpose of the glossary is, therefore, to: a) increase understanding of basic characteristics of monitoring and evaluation terms in order to reduce confusion and b) facilitate communication on basic monitoring and evaluation concepts and approaches with partners.