This report draws on experiences from South Asia portray some practical constraints associated with institutional strengthening of INGOs involved in forestry and natural resource management at the grassroots level. These include: inadequate long-term support for INGO activities which limits their organizational development and strategic programming abilities; governmental policies toward voluntary action which tend to be custodial in nature; and inadequate collaboration among different groups, including INGOs, which inhibits dissemination of knowledge and experience and transfer of technologies and skills. Through a practical course of action, these constraints are then thought of as possibilities for change. This is especially true for development policies that should include suitable strategies to promote a workable framework for strengthening the role of INGOs in grassroots development.