The study provides an overview of the issues relevant to Sri Lanka’s poverty measurement methodology and the poverty information system, with a focus on the strengths and weaknesses of the current status. In addition, it focuses on economic dimensions of poverty and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis, and reflects upon the role of non-economic measures and qualitative methodologies in defining and measuring poverty. It identifies methods to address the issues discussed and proposes a plan of action that will not be constrained by the existing institutional structure and availability of personnel.