The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were established by UN member states, as part of the Millennium Declaration in September 2000, and included commitments to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, to achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality, reduce child mortality and improve health conditions. This report assesses progress towards accomplishing these objectives in the Asia and Pacific region, and considers future challenges and opportunities. The report reveals considerable variations in achievements by different countries in this diverse region, with striking improvements being made in some areas, such as income poverty reduction, as well as disturbingly slow progress in others. Despite the diversity, the study shows that there are many common issues which connect the countries of the region.